Eukaryotic Cell
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EC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 25 August 2006
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Eukaryotic Cell doi:10.1128/EC.00202-06
Copyright (c) 2006, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

Global replication-independent histone H4 exchange in budding yeast

Jeffrey Linger and Jessica K. Tyler*

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora CO 80045 USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: Jessica.tyler{at}uchsc.edu.


  Abstract

The eukaryotic genome is packaged together with histone proteins into chromatin following DNA replication. Recent studies have shown that histones can also be assembled into chromatin independent of DNA replication and that this dynamic exchange of histones may be biased towards sites undergoing transcription. Here we show that epitope-tagged histone H4 can be incorporated into nucleosomes throughout the budding yeast genome regardless of the phase of the cell cycle, the transcriptional status or silencing of the region. Direct comparisons reveal that the amount of histone incorporation that occurs in G1-arrested cells is similar to that occurring in cells undergoing DNA replication. Additionally, we show that this histone incorporation is not dependent on the histone H3/H4 chaperones CAF-1, Asf1, and Hir1 individually. This study demonstrates that DNA replication and transcription are not necessary prerequisites for histone exchange in budding yeast, indicating that chromatin is more dynamic than previously thought.




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