Eukaryotic Cell
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Eukaryotic Cell, November 2007, p. 2018-2028, Vol. 6, No. 11
1535-9778/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/EC.00210-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Cryptosporidium parvum Long-Chain Fatty Acid Elongase{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Jason M. Fritzler,1 Jason J. Millership,1,{ddagger} and Guan Zhu1,2*

Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences,1 Faculty of Genetics Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-44672

Received 18 June 2007/ Accepted 28 August 2007

We report the presence of a new fatty acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) elongation system in Cryptosporidium and the functional characterization of the key enzyme, a single long-chain fatty acid elongase (LCE), in this parasite. This enzyme contains conserved motifs and predicted transmembrane domains characteristic to the elongase family and is placed within the ELO6 family specific for saturated substrates. CpLCE1 gene transcripts are present at all life cycle stages, but the levels are highest in free sporozoites and in stages at 36 h and 60 h postinfection that typically contain free merozoites. Immunostaining revealed localization to the outer surface of sporozoites and to the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane. Recombinant CpLCE1 displayed allosteric kinetics towards malonyl-CoA and palmitoyl-CoA and Michaelis-Menten kinetics towards NADPH. Myristoyl-CoA (C14:0) and palmitoyl-CoA (C16:0) display the highest activity when used as substrates, and only one round of elongation occurs. CpLCE1 is fairly resistant to cerulenin, an inhibitor for both type I and II fatty acid synthases (i.e., maximum inhibitions of 20.5% and 32.7% were observed when C16:0 and C14:0 were used as substrates, respectively). These observations ultimately validate the function of CpLCE1.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4467 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4467. Phone: (979) 845-6981. Fax: (979) 845-9972. E-mail: gzhu{at}cvm.tamu.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 September 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://ec.asm.org/.

{ddagger} Present address: Fort Dodge Animal Health, 800 5th Street, N.W., Fort Dodge, IA 50501.

Eukaryotic Cell, November 2007, p. 2018-2028, Vol. 6, No. 11
1535-9778/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/EC.00210-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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Appl. Environ. Microbiol. Infect. Immun. J. Bacteriol.
Mol. Cell Biol. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. ALL ASM JOURNALS
Copyright © 2007 by the American Society for Microbiology.