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Eukaryotic Cell, January 2006, p. 112-124, Vol. 5, No. 1
1535-9778/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/EC.5.1.112-124.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Arf-GTPase-Activating Protein Gcs1p Is Essential for Sporulation and Regulates the Phospholipase D Spo14p

Jaime E. Connolly1,2 and JoAnne Engebrecht2*

Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8651,1 Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 956162

Received 14 October 2005/ Accepted 31 October 2005

SPO14, encoding the major Saccharomyces cerevisiae phospholipase D (PLD), is essential for sporulation and mediates synthesis of the new membrane that encompasses the haploid nuclei that arise through meiotic divisions. PLD catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid (PA) and choline. PA stimulates Arf-GTPase-activating proteins (Arf-GAPs), which are involved in membrane trafficking events and actin cytoskeletal function. To determine if Spo14p-generated PA mediates its biological response through Arf-GAPs, we analyzed the sporulation efficiencies of cells deleted for each of the five known and potential yeast Arf-GAPs. Only gcs1{Delta} mutants display a sporulation defect similar to that of spo14 mutants: cells deleted for GCS1 initiate the sporulation program but are defective in synthesis of the prospore membrane. Endosome-to-vacuole transport is also impaired in gcs1{Delta} cells during sporulation. Furthermore, Arf-GAP catalytic activity, but not the pleckstrin homology domain, is required for both prospore membrane formation and endosome-to-vacuole trafficking. An examination of Gcs1p-green fluorescent protein revealed that it is a soluble protein. Interestingly, cells deleted for GCS1 have reduced levels of Spo14p-generated PA. Taken together, these results indicate that GCS1 is essential for sporulation and suggest that GCS1 positively regulates SPO14.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616. Phone: (530) 754-6034. Fax: (530) 752-3085. E-mail: jengebrecht{at}ucdavis.edu.

Eukaryotic Cell, January 2006, p. 112-124, Vol. 5, No. 1
1535-9778/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/EC.5.1.112-124.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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