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Eukaryotic Cell, November 2005, p. 1785-1793, Vol. 4, No. 11
1535-9778/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/EC.4.11.1785-1793.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Stress-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Functions To Support Protein Synthesis and Translational Adaptation in Response to Environmental Stress in Fission Yeast

Isabelle Dunand-Sauthier,1,{dagger} Carol A. Walker,1 Jana Narasimhan,2 Amanda K. Pearce,1 Ronald C. Wek,2 and Tim C. Humphrey1*

MRC Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Harwell, Didcot, United Kingdom,1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana2

Received 8 June 2005/ Accepted 8 September 2005

The stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway plays a central role in coordinating gene expression in response to diverse environmental stress stimuli. We examined the role of this pathway in the translational response to stress in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Exposing wild-type cells to osmotic stress (KCl) resulted in a rapid but transient reduction in protein synthesis. Protein synthesis was further reduced in mutants disrupting the SAPK pathway, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase Wis1 or the mitogen-activated protein kinase Spc1/Sty1, suggesting a role for these stress response factors in this translational control. Further polysome analyses revealed a role for Spc1 in supporting translation initiation during osmotic stress, and additionally in facilitating translational adaptation. Exposure to oxidative stress (H2O2) resulted in a striking reduction in translation initiation in wild-type cells, which was further reduced in spc1– cells. Reduced translation initiation correlated with phosphorylation of the {alpha} subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2{alpha}) in wild-type cells. Disruption of Wis1 or Spc1 kinase or the downstream bZip transcription factors Atf1 and Pap1 resulted in a marked increase in eIF2{alpha} phosphorylation which was dependent on the eIF2{alpha} kinases Hri2 and Gcn2. These findings suggest a role for the SAPK pathway in supporting translation initiation and facilitating adaptation to environmental stress in part through reducing eIF2{alpha} phosphorylation in fission yeast.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: MRC Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Harwell, Didcot, United Kingdom. Phone: (44) 1235841114. Fax: (44) 1235 841200. E-mail: t.humphrey{at}har.mrc.ac.uk.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre, Geneva, Switzerland.

Eukaryotic Cell, November 2005, p. 1785-1793, Vol. 4, No. 11
1535-9778/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/EC.4.11.1785-1793.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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