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Eukaryotic Cell, June 2004, p. 685-694, Vol. 3, No. 3
1535-9778/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/EC.3.3.685-694.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Homing Endonucleases Encoded by Germ Line-Limited Genes in Tetrahymena thermophila Have APETELA2 DNA Binding Domains

Jeffrey D. Wuitschick,{dagger} Paul R. Lindstrom,{ddagger} Alison E. Meyer,1,§ and Kathleen M. Karrer*

Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201

Received 3 November 2003/ Accepted 22 March 2004

Three insertion elements were previously found in a family of germ line-limited mobile elements, the Tlr elements, in the ciliate Tetrahymena. Each of the insertions contains an open reading frame (ORF). Sequence analysis of the deduced proteins encoded by the elements suggests that they are homing endonucleases. The genes are designated TIE1-1, TIE2-1, and TIE3-1 for Tetrahymena insertion-homing endonuclease. The endonuclease motif occupies the amino terminal half of each TIE protein. The C-terminal regions of the proteins are similar to the APETELA2 DNA binding domain of plant transcription factors. The TIE1 and TIE3 elements belong to families of repeated sequences in the germ line micronuclear genome. Comparison of the genes and the deduced proteins they encode suggests that there are at least two distinct families of homing endonuclease genes, each of which appears to be preferentially associated with a specific region of the Tlr elements. The TIE1 and TIE3 elements and their cognates undergo programmed elimination from the developing somatic macronucleus of Tetrahymena. The possible role of homing endonuclease-like genes in the DNA breakage step in developmentally programmed DNA elimination in Tetrahymena is discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881. Phone: (414) 288-1474. Fax: (414) 288-7357. E-mail: kathleen.karrer{at}marquette.edu.

{dagger} Present address: Department of Biochemistry, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105.

{ddagger} Present address: 3028A S. 47th St., Milwaukee, WI 53219.

§ Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705-1544.

Eukaryotic Cell, June 2004, p. 685-694, Vol. 3, No. 3
1535-9778/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/EC.3.3.685-694.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Hamilton, E. P., Williamson, S., Dunn, S., Merriam, V., Lin, C., Vong, L., Russell-Colantonio, J., Orias, E. (2006). The Highly Conserved Family of Tetrahymena thermophila Chromosome Breakage Elements Contains an Invariant 10-Base-Pair Core.. Eukaryot Cell 5: 771-780 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kim, S., Soltis, P. S., Wall, K., Soltis, D. E. (2006). Phylogeny and Domain Evolution in the APETALA2-like Gene Family. Mol Biol Evol 23: 107-120 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Balaji, S., Babu, M. M., Iyer, L. M., Aravind, L. (2005). Discovery of the principal specific transcription factors of Apicomplexa and their implication for the evolution of the AP2-integrase DNA binding domains. Nucleic Acids Res 33: 3994-4006 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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