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Eukaryotic Cell, April 2003, p. 231-237, Vol. 2, No. 2
1535-9778/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/EC.2.2.231-237.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Circadian Oscillator in Aspergillus spp. Regulates Daily Development and Gene Expression

Andrew V. Greene,1,2 Nancy Keller,2,3 Hubertus Haas,4 and Deborah Bell-Pedersen1,2*

Program in Biological Clocks, Department of Biology,1 Program in the Biology of Filamentous Fungi, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843,2 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706,3 Department of Molecular Biology, University of Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria4

Received 30 October 2002/ Accepted 15 January 2003

We have established the presence of a circadian clock in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus nidulans by morphological and molecular assays, respectively. In A. flavus, the clock regulates an easily assayable rhythm in the development of sclerotia, which are large survival structures produced by many fungi. This developmental rhythm exhibits all of the principal clock properties. The rhythm is maintained in constant environmental conditions with a period of 33 h at 30°C, it can be entrained by environmental signals, and it is temperature compensated. This endogenous 33-h period is one of the longest natural circadian rhythms reported for any organism, and this likely contributes to some unique responses of the clock to environmental signals. In A. nidulans, no obvious rhythms in development are apparent. However, a free running and entrainable rhythm in the accumulation of gpdA mRNA (encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is observed, suggesting the presence of a circadian clock in this species. We are unable to identify an Aspergillus ortholog of frequency, a gene required for normal circadian rhythmicity in Neurospora crassa. Together, our data indicate the existence of an Aspergillus circadian clock, which has properties that differ from that of the well-described clock of N. crassa.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: 3258 TAMU, Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843. Phone: (979) 847-9237. Fax: (979) 845-2891. E-mail: dpedersen{at}mail.bio.tamu.edu.


Eukaryotic Cell, April 2003, p. 231-237, Vol. 2, No. 2
1535-9778/03/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/EC.2.2.231-237.2003
Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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